Bible Time Frame 500BC -300BC

26/01/2011 13:40

Bible Time Frame Archealogical and Historical

500BC -300BC

486          Mordecai
                                                        Est. 2:5

                        - Gate official in reign of Ahasuerus at Sousa

                       1:Undated tablet found at Borsippa speaks of a Mordecai who served in Sousa
                           during Xerxes reign.

486    Xerxes becomes king of Persia
486  -465                  Ahasuerus
                                                          Esther 1:1

                      - Ahasuerus is Greek for Xerxes
                      - King who loved Esther
                     -Listened to Esther and stopped the plan against the Jewish
                     -Granted the Jewish the right to assemble and Defend

              1. Audience Hall at Persepolis has relief of Xerxes with father, Darius
               2. Palace at Persepolis portrays Xerxes on door.
              3. Clay tablet archives chronicle his life.
             4. Seals found in Egypt are inscribed "Xerxes, the great king."
             5. Elephantine papyri dated by his reign.
              6. Herodotus histories

484    Herodotus the historian born
480    The Greeks defeat Xerxes at Salamis    
479    The Greeks defeat Xerxes at Thermopalye
    
478    Esther becomes queen of Persia and later saves the Jews of the empire from             extermination

473    The Feast of Purim started
469    Socrates born

    
465  -423        Artaxerxes I, Longimanus
                                                                    Ezra 4:7

                   - King of Persia
                   - allowed Jews to return to Israel

                1. Tomb of Artaxerxes known near Persepolis
                2. Elephantine papyri use dates based on his reign.
                3. Herodutus
   
464    Artaxerxes Longimanus becomes king of Persia         
458    Ezra takes a small contingent of Jews back to Palestine         
447    The building of the Parthenon commenced

450             Geshem the Arab
                                                      Nehemiah 2:19

                      - Opposed Nehemiah and building of Jerusalem Temple
                      -Nabatean leader

                  1. Silver vessel from shrine at Tel el Maskhuta with Aramaic inscription stating
                            that it was presented by Cain, son of Geshem, King of Qedar.
                  2. Lihyanite inscription names Geshem along with the Persian governor of Dedan.

        https://www.testimony-magazine.org/back/Special_Issues/Oct90/art19.htm
        https://cojs.org/cojswiki/Tel_el-Maskhuta_Libation_Bowl,_late_5th_century_BCE

450     Sanballat
                                         Neh. 2:10

                      - governor of Samaria who opposed Nehemiahs rebuilding projects
                      1. Aramaic papyrus from Elephantine refers to the sons of Sanballat, governor of
                              Samaria.
                      2. Scrolls found in Waid Daliyeh refer twice to a son of Sanballat ... once in a
                              sealing and once in an Aramaic test.
45O            Tattenai
                                          Ezra 5:3

                        - Governor of Samaria during reign of Darius the Great who
                            opposed building of Jerusalem.
                       1:Cuneiform tablet refers to a slave of Tatutanni.

450  ca      Tobiah
                                         Neh. 2:19

                         - Tobiah the Ammonite; tried to prevent the rebuilding of
                             Jerusalem by Nehemiah.

                       1. Family tomb from 6th century B.C. that bears name Tobiah.
                        2. Name found in the Zenon papyri.

445    Nehemiah takes a small contingent of Jews back to Palestine
443    Nehemiah and Ezra read the Scriptures to the Jews and help them understand
         the first roots of the Midrash begin to sprout; the Sopherim (Scribes) flourish
436    Malachi begins to prophesy  

  424 - 404       Darius the Persian
                                                       Neh. 12:22

                   - King of Persia, Successor of Artaxerxes I

                 1:"The passover Papyrus" found at Elephantine

423    Darius II becomes king of Persia

407                Jehohanan
                                              Ezra 10:6

                      - Son of Eliashib, the high priest

                     1. Elephantine papyrus to Biguai, governor of Judah, mentions Johanan, the
                               high priest of Jerusalem.

           https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jehohanan
           https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0011_0_10454.html

404    Artaxerxes II becomes king of Persia    
400    The Midrash begins to develop    
399    Socrates condemned to death    
359    Artaxerxes III becomes king of Persia         
         Philip becomes king of Macedonia     
342    Epicurius teaches his philosophy
336    Darius III Codomannus becomes king of Persia
         Alexander the Great becomes king of Greece
335    Aristotle teaches at Athens
333    The Battle of Issus fought; Alexander defeats the Persians
         Alexander takes Egypt
332    Alexander destroys Tyre
331    Alexander seizes Babylon
330    Darius III of Persia slain
329    Alexander marries Roxana in a symbolic gesture of uniting East and West
327    Alexander invades India
323    Alexander claims to be the son of Zeus
         Alexander dies
         Alexander's empire divided between his four chief generals
         Ptolemy I Soter takes Egypt
320    Ptolemy I seizes Palestine
311    Seleucus I Nicator takes Babylon
300    Rome becomes a major world power in the western Mediterranean
         Seleucus I adds Syria to his realm

 

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